{"id":11950,"date":"2014-09-26T17:32:05","date_gmt":"2014-09-26T20:32:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/comorinemuritoare.ro\/bLOGOS\/?p=11950"},"modified":"2014-09-26T07:11:54","modified_gmt":"2014-09-26T10:11:54","slug":"invatatura-asupra-pocaintii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comorinemuritoare.ro\/bLOGOS\/invatatura-asupra-pocaintii\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cenv\u0103\u0163\u0103tur\u0103 asupra poc\u0103in\u0163ii"},"content":{"rendered":"

Antim IVIREANU<\/em>, Didahii<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u201e\u00centoarce\u0163i-v\u0103 c\u0103tr\u0103 mine, din toat\u0103 inima voastr\u0103 \u015fi cu post \u015fi cu pl\u00e2ngere \u015fi cu t\u00e2nguire rumpe\u0163i inimile voastre \u015fi nu hainele voastre \u015fi m\u0103 voiu \u00eentoarce c\u0103tr\u0103 voi\u201c, zice Domnul, la Ioil, \u00een 2 capete.
\nCine au v\u0103zut vreodinioar\u0103 \u00eentre zidiri at\u00e2ta dragoste c\u00e2t\u0103 iaste ac\u00e9ia ce arat\u0103 soarele spre p\u0103m\u00e2nt, c\u0103 de \u015fi iaste lumin\u0103toriu mare al ceriului \u015fi \u00eemp\u0103rat al tuturor st\u00e9lelor, iar l\u0103s\u00e2nd c\u00e9lialalte stihii, \u00eendr\u0103g\u00e9\u015fte \u015fi iube\u015fte mai mult pre smeritul acesta de p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u015fi spre d\u00e2nsul are \u00eenchinat\u0103 toat\u0103 pohta lui, pre d\u00e2nsul lumineaz\u0103 cu razele sale, pre d\u00e2nsul \u00eempodob\u00e9\u015fte cu de toate f\u00e9liurile de copaci, pre d\u00e2nsul \u00eencununeaz\u0103 cu florile, pre d\u00e2nsul \u00eembog\u0103\u0163\u00e9\u015fte cu rodurile, pre d\u00e2nsul hr\u0103n\u00e9\u015fte cu lucrurile sale. \u015ei, pentru ca s\u0103 nu s\u0103 dep\u0103rt\u00e9ze de la el niciodat\u0103, face pururea o \u00eenv\u00e2rtejire \u00eemprejurul <lui> cu un umblet necontenit.<\/p>\n

As\u00e9mene ace\u015ftii pohte, sau, mai v\u00e2rtos s\u0103 zic, mai cu mult f\u0103r de as\u0103m\u00e2nare arat\u0103 marele Dumnezeu, ziditoriul \u015fi f\u0103c\u0103toriul a toate, spre sufletul cel smerit \u015fi p\u0103c\u0103tos al omului, m\u0103car c\u0103 are \u00een m\u00e2inile lui c\u00e9le dumnezee\u015fti toate marginile p\u0103m\u00e2ntului, m\u0103car c\u0103 bun\u0103t\u0103\u0163ile noastre nu-i trebuesc, dup\u0103 cum zice David, iar spre acest suflet are pus\u0103 toat\u0103 dragostea lui cea dumnezeiasc\u0103; pentru d\u00e2nsul poart\u0103 grija s\u0103-l m\u00e2ntuiasc\u0103, pre d\u00e2nsul cearc\u0103, pre d\u00e2nsul iub\u00e9\u015fte \u015fi, ca cum ar avea vreo trebuin\u0163\u0103, de la el pleac\u0103 dumnezeiasca lui m\u0103rire \u015fi poht\u00e9\u015fte dragostea lui, poht\u00e9\u015fte priete\u015fugul lui, poht\u00e9\u015fte s\u0103 umble pururea \u00eempreun\u0103 cu d\u00e2nsul.
\nDrept ac\u00e9ia trimite c\u0103tr\u0103 d\u00e2nsul proroci, trimite dascali, \u00eel cearc\u0103 \u00een toate p\u0103r\u0163ile p\u0103m\u00e2ntului, \u00eel cearc\u0103 \u00een toate unghiurile lumii. \u015ei, pentru c\u0103ci poht\u00e9\u015fte s\u0103 fie pururea \u00eempreunat cu el \u015fi nedesp\u0103r\u0163it de \u00eemp\u0103r\u0103\u0163iia lui, \u00eei arat\u0103 calea, \u00eei spune mijlocirea, pentru ca s\u0103 se m\u00e2ntuiasc\u0103 de p\u0103cat \u015fi s\u0103 se \u00eentoarc\u0103 spre d\u00e2nsul.<\/p>\n

Oare care iaste mijlocirea ac\u00e9ia? Iaste ac\u00e9ia a poc\u0103in\u0163ii, car\u00e9 nu are gre\u015fal\u0103. \u00centoarce\u0163i-v\u0103 zice c\u0103tr\u0103 mine \u015fi m\u0103 voiu \u00eentoarce c\u0103tr\u0103 voi. Deci pentru poc\u0103in\u0163a aceasta sunt gata ast\u0103zi s\u0103 gr\u0103esc pu\u0163int\u00e9le cuvinte, \u00eenaintea \u00een\u0163elep\u0163iei voastre, fe\u0163ii miei. Ci v\u0103 pohtesc s\u0103 asculta\u0163 cu dragoste, c\u0103ci aceasta iaste mai trebuincioas\u0103 dec\u00e2t toate \u015fi mijlocire f\u0103r de gre\u015fal\u0103 pentru m\u00e2ntuirea noastr\u0103.<\/p>\n

Mare iaste, cu adev\u0103rat, darul acesta al poc\u0103in\u0163ii, dintru care poate cunoa\u015fte fie\u015ftecarele, mai ales dragostea cea mult\u0103 ce arat\u0103 Dumnezeu spre noi cre\u015ftinii \u015fi pohta ce are ca s\u0103 ne vaz\u0103 m\u00e2ntui\u0163i, de vr\u00e9me ce numai pentru noi au r\u00e2nduit-o, numai pentru noi au dat-o, numai pentru noi au vrut s\u0103 fie poc\u0103in\u0163a \u00een lume. \u015ei cum c\u0103 iaste adev\u0103rul a\u015fa o doved\u00e9\u015fte socoteala; pentru c\u0103ci de ar fi vrut s\u0103 o r\u00e2nduiasc\u0103 pentru al\u0163ii \u015fi nu pentru noi, credincio\u015fii cre\u015ftini, s\u0103 cuveniia aceast\u0103 r\u00e2nduial\u0103 s\u0103 fie sau pentru \u00eengeri sau pentru draci, sau pentru dobitoace, sau pentru c\u00e9lialalte ale lui f\u0103pturi.<\/p>\n

\u015ei de vr\u00e9me ce pentru \u00eengeri nu iaste, c\u0103ci \u00eengerii cei buni nici au gre\u015fit, nici pot s\u0103 gre\u015fasc\u0103, drept ac\u00e9ia nici poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 le trebue. Nici pentru draci, pentru c\u0103ci ei dintru a sa voin\u0163\u0103 fiind \u00eempietri\u0163i \u00een vicle\u015fug nu priimesc nici vor poc\u0103in\u0163a. Iar nici pentru dobitoace, pentru c\u0103ci n-au nici minte, nici cuv\u00e2nt, ce lucreaz\u0103 pururea f\u0103rde gre\u015fal\u0103, precum \u00eei \u00eenva\u0163\u0103 firea lor. Nici iaste pentru alt\u0103 f\u0103ptur\u0103 din c\u00e2te s\u0103 afl\u0103 \u00een lume, pentru c\u0103ci sunt toate nesim\u0163itoare \u015fi urmeaz\u0103 a nu fi priimitoare de poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u015ei iat\u0103 dar\u0103 c\u0103 numai pentru noi, oamenii, au dat \u00eendur\u0103toriul Dumnezeu acest dar de m\u00e2ntuire al poc\u0103in\u0163ei; sau, s\u0103 zic mai bine, pentru noi cre\u015ftinii, pentru c\u0103ci p\u0103c\u0103tuesc \u015fi jidovii, \u015fi turcii, iar nu le folos\u00e9\u015fte, nici le ajut\u0103 poc\u0103in\u0163a, nimic, pentru c\u0103ci sunt afar\u0103 de l\u00e9ge. Iar noao cu adev\u0103rat ne ajut\u0103 \u015fi ne d\u0103 mare folos, pentru c\u0103ci avem credin\u0163\u0103, pentru c\u0103ci avem n\u0103d\u00e9jde, pentru c\u0103ci prin mijlocul sf\u00e2ntului botez ne-am f\u0103cut fii lui Dumnezeu, dup\u0103 cum zice Ioan la capul cel dint\u00e2i: Le-au dat lor put\u00e9re ca s\u0103 fie fii lui Dumnezeu, celor ce cred \u00eentru numele lui.<\/p>\n

\u015ei adev\u0103rat, ce alt ajutoriu mai mare, sau ce alt folos mai trebuincios poate s\u0103 fie dec\u00e2t acela al poc\u0103in\u0163ii? Minunat\u0103 iaste put\u00e9ria ei, preasl\u0103vite sunt lucrurile ei \u015fi darul f\u0103r de asem\u00e2nare.<\/p>\n

Un lucru minunat s\u0103 v\u00e9de \u00een Sf\u00e2nta Scriptur\u0103, la a patra carte a \u00cemp\u0103ra\u0163ilor, \u00een 15 capete, zic\u00e2nd cum s\u0103 se fie \u00eent\u00e2mplat dup\u0103 moartea prorocului Elisei, de au fost murit un jidov \u00een cetatea Samariei \u015fi, dup\u0103 obiceaiul ce avea acolo, au r\u0103dicat unii trupul mortului \u015fi-l ducea afar\u0103 din cetate, s\u0103-l \u00eengroape. \u015ei merg\u00e2nd pre cale, la locul cel r\u00e2nduit, f\u0103r de v\u00e9ste au e\u015fit dintr-un cr\u00e2ng, ce era acolea aproape, ni\u015fte t\u00e2lhari moavit\u00e9ni, ca s\u0103-i omoar\u0103. \u015ei v\u0103z\u00e2nd \u00eengrop\u0103torii o nevoe ca ac\u00e9ia, nea\u015fteptat\u0103, de fric\u0103 s\u0103 f\u0103cur\u0103 mai mor\u0163i dec\u00e2t mortul ce \u0163inea. \u015ei, pentru ca s\u0103-\u015f m\u00e2ntuiasc\u0103 via\u0163a lor, au aruncat pre mortul \u00eentr-o groap\u0103 ce s-au aflat acolo \u015fi \u00eendat\u0103 au fugit, \u00eentru care groap\u0103 era \u00eengropat prorocul Elisei. \u015ei, \u00eendat\u0103 ce s-au atins trupul mortului de oasele prorocului, au \u00eenviiat \u015fi au venit iar\u0103 \u00een via\u0163\u0103.<\/p>\n

Frumoas\u0103 \u00eenchipuire a poc\u0103in\u0163ii \u00een\u0163el\u00e9gem a fi acest lucru preasl\u0103vit ce s-au \u00eent\u00e2mplat. C\u0103 dup\u0103 ce face omul p\u0103catul r\u0103m\u00e2ne mort. Mort, pentru c\u0103ci piiarde darul cel dumnezeesc; mort, pentru c\u0103ci s\u0103 desparte de Dumnezeu, carele iaste via\u0163a cea adev\u0103rat\u0103 \u015fi ca pre un mort patemile lui, pohtele lui c\u00e9le r\u00e9le \u015fi \u00eendulcirile trupului s\u0103u \u00eel aduc s\u0103-l \u00eengroape. Unde? Afar\u0103 din cetate, afar\u0103 din p\u0103m\u00e2ntul cel fericit al raiului, \u00een groapa vecinicii munci. Dar\u0103 ce s\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103? \u00cendur\u0103toriul Dumnezeu, carele prin rostul prorocului zice: Nu voesc moartea p\u0103c\u0103tosului, precum a s\u0103 \u00eentoarce \u015fi a fi viu, trimite \u00eempotriva lui, f\u0103r de v\u00e9ste, o n\u0103val\u0103 de t\u00e2lhari \u00eenfrico\u015fa\u0163. Dar\u0103 cine sunt t\u00e2lharii ace\u015ftea? Frica mor\u0163ii, cutremurul muncii de v\u00e9ci, zioa cea \u00eenfrico\u015fat\u0103 a judec\u0103\u0163ii, dreapta r\u0103spl\u0103tire a lui Dumnezeu.<\/p>\n

Durerile iadului m-au \u00eencungiurat; \u00eent\u00e2mpinatu-m-au la\u0163urile mor\u0163ii. S\u0103 uit\u0103 p\u0103c\u0103tosul la nevoe, v\u00e9de aiavea pierzarea lui, tremur\u0103, s\u0103 \u00eengroz\u00e9\u015fte \u015fi de fric\u0103 fug \u00eengrop\u0103torii: pohtele c\u00e9le r\u00e9le, patimile c\u00e9le ne\u00eenfr\u00e2nate, odihnele, desf\u0103t\u0103rile trupe\u015fti. \u015ei unde \u00eel arunc\u0103? \u00cen groapa lui Eliseu.<\/p>\n

Groapa iaste poc\u0103in\u0163a, pentru c\u0103ci precum groapa stric\u0103, r\u0103sip\u00e9\u015fte \u015fi piiarde trupurile c\u00e9le \u00eempu\u0163ite ce s\u0103 pun \u00eentr-\u00eensa, a\u015fa \u015fi poc\u0103in\u0163a \u015ft\u00e9rge, stric\u0103 \u015fi top\u00e9\u015fte \u00eempu\u0163iciunea p\u0103catelor ce \u00eenf\u0103\u015fura sufletul.<\/p>\n

Aici dar\u0103, \u00eentr-aceast\u0103 groap\u0103 a poc\u0103in\u0163ii, c\u0103z\u00e2nd p\u0103c\u0103tosul, afle pre Elisei cel de tain\u0103, carele iaste domnul nostru Iisus Hristos. C\u0103 Elisei s\u0103 t\u00e2lcuia\u015fte Dumnezeu m\u00e2ntuitoriu; \u015fi cu put\u00e9rea acestuia \u015fi cu daru acestuia i s\u0103 iart\u0103 p\u0103catele, s\u0103 \u00eendrepteaz\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 \u00eentoarce iar\u0103 la via\u0163\u0103. \u015ei tr\u0103i mortul zice Sf\u00e2nta Scriptur\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 scul\u0103 pre picioarele lui.<\/p>\n

De pe aceasta dar\u0103 s\u0103 priceap\u0103 fie\u015ftecarele c\u00e2t\u0103 iaste put\u00e9ria poc\u0103in\u0163ii, de vr\u00e9me ce \u00eenviaz\u0103 sufletul cel mort al p\u0103c\u0103tosului, \u00eei d\u0103 iar\u0103 podoaba dumnezeescului dar ce au pierdut, \u00eei deschide u\u015file ceriului carele i le-au \u00eenchis p\u0103catul, \u00eel face so\u0163ie ferici\u0163ilor \u00eengeri, \u00eel face mo\u015ftean, l\u0103ca\u015f lui Dumnezeu \u015fi p\u0103rta\u015f slavei lui cei dumnezee\u015fti. Dar\u0103 nu s\u0103v\u00e2r\u015fa\u015fte numai ac\u00e9ste preasl\u0103vite, aceast\u0103 bun\u0103tate mare a poc\u0103in\u0163ii, ci iaste alta \u015fi mai minunat\u0103, care face mintea s\u0103 se mire \u015fi inima s\u0103 se uimeasc\u0103: biruia\u015fte pre \u00eensu\u015f Dumnezeu. \u015ei c\u00e2nd iaste m\u00e2nios de sud\u0103lmile, de necinstirile \u015fi de hulele ce-i fac \u00een toate zilele p\u0103c\u0103to\u015fii, cu faptele lor c\u00e9le f\u0103rdel\u00e9ge, cu str\u00e2mb\u0103t\u0103\u0163ile lor, cu jafurile lor, cu multa a lor trufie, cu zavistie ce hr\u0103nesc \u00een inima lor, cu at\u00e2tea necur\u0103\u0163ii cu carele spurc\u0103 \u015fi trupul \u015fi sufletul, st\u0103 gata s\u0103 fac\u0103 asupra lor r\u0103spl\u0103tire, s\u0103 arunce asupra lor tr\u0103snetele urgiei sale, s\u0103-i piarz\u0103 de pe toat\u0103 fa\u0163a p\u0103m\u00e2ntului. Alearg\u0103 atunce poc\u0103in\u0163a \u015fi cu o cuc\u00e9rnic\u0103 \u00eendr\u0103zneal\u0103, cu doao lacr\u0103me ce vars\u0103 din ochi, cu un suspin ce \u00eenal\u0163\u0103 la ceriu dintru ad\u00e2ncul inimii (cutez a zice), c\u0103 leag\u0103 m\u00e2inile lui Dumnezeu, \u00eei ia armele a dr\u00e9ptei lui r\u0103spl\u0103tire preface urgiia lui spre ert\u0103ciune, \u00eel face bl\u00e2nd, ert\u0103toriu, \u00eendelung r\u0103bd\u0103toriu, milostiv, iubitoriu asupra celui p\u0103c\u0103tos, carele at\u00e2ta l-au necinstit \u015fi nu l-au b\u0103gat \u00een seam\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u015ei, pentru ca s\u0103 nu socoti\u0163, fe\u0163ii miei, cum c\u0103 ac\u00e9stia sunt afl\u0103ri ale m\u00e9le, asculta\u0163i o pild\u0103.<\/p>\n

La a treia carte a \u00eemp\u0103ra\u0163ilor, la 21 de capete, zice cum c\u0103 au vrut direptul judec\u0103toriul, Dumnezeu, s\u0103 pedepseasc\u0103 pre Ahaav, \u00eemp\u0103ratul lui Israil, pentru multele p\u0103g\u00e2n\u0103t\u0103\u0163i \u015fi nedrept\u0103\u0163i ce f\u0103cea \u00een toate zilele \u015fi nu numai din r\u0103utatea lui ce \u015fi din sfatul \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u0163atei f\u0103meii lui, a Iezavelii. \u015ei i-au trimis cuv\u00e2nt cu prorocul Ilie cum c\u0103 va s\u0103-i r\u0103dice \u00eemp\u0103r\u0103\u0163iia, s\u0103-i piarz\u0103 casa lui, s\u0103-i r\u0103sipeasc\u0103 avu\u0163iia lui, s\u0103 nu mai aib\u0103 dup\u0103 ac\u00e9ia nici vrednicie, nici cinste \u015fi la cea de pe urm\u0103 s\u0103 se fac\u0103 m\u00e2ncare c\u00e2inilor \u015fi a pas\u0103rilor ceriului. R\u0103spunse Ahaav: at\u00e2ta r\u0103utate s\u0103-mi vie mie \u015fi at\u00e2ta pedeaps\u0103? Eu s\u0103 aflu mijlocire ca ac\u00e9ia, s\u0103 prefac dreapta a lui Dumnezeu m\u00e2nie. \u015ei ce au f\u0103cut? Cum au auzit Ahaav cuvintele ac\u00e9stia \u00ee\u015f rumpse haina lui \u015fi \u00eencinse sac peste trupul lui \u015fi puse cenu\u015f\u0103 pre capul lui \u015fi posti \u015fi f\u0103cu o poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 ca ac\u00e9ia, c\u00e2t au schimbat \u00eendat\u0103 Dumnezeu m\u00e2niia lui \u015fi au \u00eembl\u00e2nzit urgiia lui. \u015ei chiem\u00e2nd iar\u0103 pre Ilie i-au zis: n-ai v\u0103zut ce smerenie au ar\u0103tat \u00eenaintea mea Ahaav \u015fi ce poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 au f\u0103cut? Deci, pentru c\u0103ci s-au smerit \u00eenaintea f\u00e9\u0163ii m\u00e9le, nu voiu aduce r\u0103utate \u00een zilele lui, ce \u00een zilele feciorului lui voiu aduce r\u0103utatea peste casa lui.<\/p>\n

Dar\u0103 ce poate fi aceasta? P\u00e2n\u0103 acum cu b\u0103t\u0103i, cu urgie, cu m\u00e2nie, \u00eenfrico\u015fa Dumnezeu pre Ahaav \u015fi zicea s\u0103-l piarz\u0103, s\u0103-i ia \u015fi st\u0103p\u00e2nirea \u015fi via\u0163a \u015fi acum zice (cum) c\u0103 nu poate s\u0103-i fac\u0103 r\u0103u. Iaste cu putin\u0163\u0103 acea pu\u0163inic\u0103 cenu\u015f\u0103 ce au pus Ahaav \u00een capul lui, acel sac cu carele s-au \u00eembr\u0103cat, acel pu\u0163in post ce au f\u0103cut, acea poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 ce au ar\u0103tat s\u0103 fie sl\u0103bit dumnezeiasca urgie \u015fi s\u0103 \u00eend\u00e9mne pre Dumnezeu s\u0103 fac\u0103 ac\u00e9ia ce vrea p\u0103c\u0103tosul acela Ahaav \u015fi nu ac\u00e9ia ce cerca dumnezeiasca dreptate? Adev\u0103rat, a\u015fa iaste. Poc\u0103in\u0163a au \u00eentors urgiia lui, poc\u0103in\u0163a au oprit m\u00e2niia lui, poc\u0103in\u0163a i-au zmult din m\u00e2inile lui c\u00e9le preaput\u00e9rnice sabiia r\u0103spl\u0103tirii, poc\u0103in\u0163a au \u015fters r\u0103spunsul cel \u00eenfrico\u015fat \u015fi purt\u0103tor de moarte. Nu voiu aduce zice r\u0103utate \u00een zilele lui.<\/p>\n

\u00cens\u0103, pentru ca s\u0103 poat\u0103 poc\u0103in\u0163a s\u0103 s\u0103v\u00e2r\u015feasc\u0103 ac\u00e9ste lucruri preasl\u0103vite, s\u0103 cuvine s\u0103 fie poc\u0103in\u0163a adev\u0103rat\u0103, iar nu mincinoas\u0103; poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 curat\u0103, iar nu viclean\u0103, poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 a inimii, iar nu a gurii, c\u0103 precum iaste aur adev\u0103rat \u015fi aur mincinos, a\u015fa iaste \u015fi poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 adev\u0103rat\u0103 \u015fi poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 mincinoas\u0103.<\/p>\n

Mul\u0163 socotesc, pentru c\u0103ci zic: am gre\u015fit \u015fi Doamne iart\u0103 mie, p\u0103c\u0103tosul, cum c\u0103 adev\u0103rat, s\u0103 poc\u0103esc \u015fi nu \u015ftiu tic\u0103lo\u015fii, c\u0103 poc\u0103in\u0163a nu st\u0103 numai \u00een cuvinte. C\u0103 zice Hristos la Evanghelie: Nu tot cel ce-mi zice mie Doamne, Doamne, va \u00eentra \u00eentru \u00eemp\u0103r\u0103\u0163iia lui Dumnezeul, ci cel ce face voia Tat\u0103lui mieu, celui ceresc.<\/p>\n

\u00centre ceialal\u0163i ce s-au poc\u0103it, doi s\u0103 afl\u0103 vesti\u0163i \u00een Sf\u00e2nta Scriptur\u0103: unul iaste Saul \u015fi altul David. Gre\u015fit-au Saul, au gre\u015fit \u015fi David \u015fi vin am\u00e2ndoi \u00een cuno\u015ftiin\u0163a gre\u015f\u0103lii lor. Am gre\u015fit zice unul, am gre\u015fit zice \u015fi celalalt. Dar\u0103 David au auzit acest fericit glas: \u015ei Dumnezeu au l\u0103sat p\u0103catul t\u0103u: nu vei muri. \u015ei pentru Saul s\u0103 roag\u0103 Samuil prorocul cu lacr\u0103mi \u015fi Dumnezeu \u00eei r\u0103spunde cu urgie: P\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd vei pl\u00e2nge tu pentru Saul? \u015ei eu l-am def\u0103imat pre el.<\/p>\n

Dar\u0103 pentru ce pricin\u0103 drept judec\u0103toriule, Doamne, ar\u0103\u0163 desp\u0103r\u0163eal\u0103 ca aceasta; cu ace\u015fti doi ce s\u0103 c\u0103esc? De iaste adev\u0103rat, precum o cunoa\u015ftem, prea adev\u0103rat, cum c\u0103 \u00eenaintea ta nu iaste nici o f\u0103\u0163\u0103rie \u015fi cum c\u0103 priime\u015fti cu mult\u0103 mil\u0103 \u015fi dragoste pre cei ce s\u0103 c\u0103esc, pentru ce, aici priime\u015fti pre David \u015fi pre Saul \u00eel gone\u015fti? Nu iaste \u00eemp\u0103rat \u015fi unul \u015fi altul? N-au gre\u015fit am\u00e2ndoi \u00eenaintea ta? Dar\u0103 drept ce, David, carele au f\u0103cut p\u0103cat mai mare \u015fi \u00eendoit, adec\u0103 preacurviia \u015fi uciderea, afl\u0103 mil\u0103 \u00eenaintea ta \u015fi Saul s\u0103 defaim\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 leap\u0103d\u0103, carele s-au ar\u0103tat numai neascultoiu?<\/p>\n

Adev\u0103rat, fe\u0163ii miei, pe dinn afar\u0103 a\u015fa s\u0103 v\u00e9de, iar Dumnezeu, carele iaste cunosc\u0103tori de inimi \u015fi v\u00e9de dinn l\u0103untru ac\u00e9ia ce noi nu vedem au v\u0103zut desp\u0103r\u0163eala poc\u0103in\u0163ii \u015fi a unuia \u015fi a altuia. C\u0103 poc\u0103in\u0163a lui David era poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 adev\u0103rat\u0103, cu duh umilit \u015fi cu inim\u0103 \u00eenfr\u00e2nt\u0103 \u015fi smerit\u0103, precum zice Sf\u00e2nta Scriptur\u0103, iar a lui Saul poc\u0103in\u0163a era mincinoas\u0103 \u015fi viclean\u0103, din gur\u0103 numai, iar nu \u015fi de la inim\u0103, c\u0103 inima lui nu era dreapt\u0103 c\u0103tr\u0103 Dumnezeu. \u015ei pentru aceasta acea a lui David s-au ar\u0103tat priimit\u0103 \u015fi a lui Saul s-au def\u0103imat.<\/p>\n

Drept ac\u00e9ia dar\u0103, pentru c\u0103ci iaste poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 lucr\u0103toare \u015fi bine priimit\u0103 \u00eenaintea lui Dumnezeu, s\u0103 cuvine s\u0103 fie poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 adev\u0103rat\u0103, ca a lui David. \u015ei, pentru ca s\u0103 poat\u0103 fie\u015ftecarele s\u0103 c\u00e2\u015ftige aceast\u0103 poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 adev\u0103rat\u0103, des\u0103v\u00e2r\u015fit, curat\u0103 \u015fi priimit\u0103, Duhul Sf\u00e2nt \u00een Scriptur\u0103 ne arat\u0103 \u00een ce chip s\u0103 o facem, cu pedeapsa ce au dat lui Navuhodonosor, \u00eemp\u0103ratul asiriianilor. Pre aceasta, vr\u00e2nd dumnezeiasca dreptate s\u0103-l pedepseasc\u0103 \u00eentr-aceast\u0103 via\u0163\u0103, pentru multa a lui trufie \u015fi iar\u0103 s\u0103-l miluiasc\u0103, au f\u0103cut asupra lui acest r\u0103spuns, precum s\u0103 v\u00e9de la al patrulea cap al lui Daniil: Cu hiar\u0103le partea lui, \u00een buruianul p\u0103m\u00e2ntului; inima lui de la oameni s\u0103 va schimba \u015fi inima d\u0103 hiar\u0103 s\u0103 va da lui \u015fi \u015fapte vremi s\u0103 vor premeni preste el. Adec\u0103 l-au os\u00e2ndit s\u0103 pasc\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 cu hiar\u0103le \u015fi ca o hiar\u0103 s\u0103 m\u0103n\u00e2nce erburile p\u0103m\u00e2ntului; s\u0103 i s\u0103 schimbe inima lui cea omeneasc\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 i s\u0103 dea inim\u0103 de hiar\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 se afle \u00eentru aceasta p\u00e2n\u0103 s\u0103 vor premeni \u015fapte vremi \u015fi atuncea s\u0103 i s\u0103 dea ert\u0103ciunea. \u015ei adev\u0103rat a\u015fa s-au \u00eent\u00e2mplat, de au p\u0103timit Navuhodonosor, dup\u0103 cum au r\u00e2nduit dreapta judecata lui Dumnezeu \u015fi \u00eentr-acesta chip \u015f-au luat ert\u0103ciunea, des\u0103v\u00e2r\u015fit.<\/p>\n

S\u0103 cuvine, drept ac\u00e9ia, ac\u00e9ste trei lucrure s\u0103 fac\u0103 fie\u015ftecare cre\u015ftin, pentru ca s\u0103 arate poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 adev\u0103rat\u0103 \u015fi pl\u0103cut\u0103 c\u0103tr\u0103 Dumnezeu. \u00cent\u00e2i, s\u0103 fie partea lui \u00een iarba p\u0103m\u00e2ntului. C\u00e2nd p\u0103c\u0103tuia\u015fte omul las\u0103 trupul lui slobod, \u00een desf\u0103t\u0103ri, \u00een pohte, \u00een be\u0163ii \u015fi \u00een m\u00e2nc\u0103ri mult \u015fi alta nu socot\u00e9\u015fte, f\u0103r\u0103 numai cum \u00ee\u015f va dezmierda trupul cum s\u0103-i dea odihne, cum s\u0103-l hr\u0103neasc\u0103 cu multe f\u00e9liuri de bucate, dintru carele urmeaz\u0103 be\u0163iile, curviile, preacurviile \u015fi alte pohte ne\u00eenfr\u00e2nate, carele fac pre suflet l\u0103ca\u015fi diavolului.<\/p>\n

Drept ac\u00e9ia s\u0103 cuvine, c\u00e2nd va avea s\u0103 se poc\u0103iasc\u0103 adev\u0103rat, s\u0103 schimbe firea, s\u0103 schimbe via\u0163a, s\u0103 suppue trupul. Cu ce? \u00cen iarba p\u0103m\u00e2ntului, cu \u0163in\u00e9ria, cu posturile, cu ajun\u0103rile, cu dep\u0103rtarea m\u00e2nc\u0103rilor \u015fi a desf\u0103t\u0103rilor. Pentru c\u0103ci, precum zice marele Vasilie, postul iaste stric\u0103ciune p\u0103catului, \u00eenstreinare patemilor, omor\u00e2re trupului; \u015fi c\u00e2nd sl\u0103b\u00e9\u015fte cu postul omului cel dinn afar\u0103, atunce cel din l\u0103untru s\u0103 \u00eent\u0103r\u00e9\u015fte, atunce s\u0103 face cas\u0103 lui Dumnezeu \u015fi vas curat darului celui dumnezeesc.<\/p>\n

Al doilea lucru ce trebuia\u015fte iaste s\u0103 schimbe inima lui \u015fi s\u0103 ia inim\u0103 de hiar\u0103 (\u015fi inim\u0103 de hiar\u0103 s\u0103 va da lui). Omul, precum are inima iscusit\u0103, a\u015fa o are \u015fi mult pohtitoare \u015fi pe nepl\u0103c\u00e9re; nu iaste pururea \u00eentru o stare: acum s\u0103 preface spre bine \u015fi acum s\u0103 schimb\u0103 spre r\u0103u, acum poht\u00e9\u015fte un lucru \u015fi acum \u00eel ura\u015fte, acum iub\u00e9\u015fte \u015fi acum vr\u0103jm\u0103\u015fuia\u015fte.<\/p>\n

\u00cempotriva acestora hiara are pururea ac\u00e9ia\u015f inim\u0103, nepref\u0103cut\u0103, st\u0103t\u0103toare \u015fi nemi\u015fcat\u0103. \u015ei de vr\u00e9me ce omul, c\u00e2nd p\u0103c\u0103tuia\u015fte, pentru c\u0103ci are inima pref\u0103c\u0103toare, s\u0103 dep\u0103rteaz\u0103 de la Dumnezeu \u015fi d\u0103 toat\u0103 voin\u0163a lui \u015fi dragostea la zidiri. \u015ei, pentru ca s\u0103 fac\u0103 poc\u0103in\u0163\u0103 adev\u0103rat\u0103, trebue s\u0103 schimbe zice Dumnezeu acea inim\u0103 a lui, viclean\u0103 \u015fi am\u0103gitoare car\u00e9 iaste nest\u0103t\u0103toare \u015fi lesne mut\u0103toare \u015fi s\u0103 ia inima de hiar\u0103, adec\u0103 o inim\u0103 st\u0103t\u0103toare, o inim\u0103 neschimb\u0103toare, o inim\u0103 car\u00e9 s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2ie pururea nemi\u015fcat\u0103 de la bine, de la dragostea mea \u015fi de la paza poruncilor m\u00e9le, car\u00e9 s\u0103 nu mai pohteasc\u0103 r\u0103ul, nici s\u0103 se abat\u0103 la p\u0103cat. \u015ei aceasta iaste ac\u00e9ia ce zice prorocul Ioil: Rumpe\u0163 inimile voastre.<\/p>\n

\u015ei la cea de pe urm\u0103, al treilea lucru carele s\u0103 urm\u00e9ze poc\u0103in\u0163ii cei adev\u0103rate iaste aceasta: 7 vremi s\u0103 vor premeni preste d\u00e2nsul.<\/p>\n

P\u0103c\u0103tosul, c\u00e2nd iase din calea lui Dumnezeu \u015fi s\u0103 face pre sine rob pohtelor celor trupe\u015fti, s\u0103v\u00e2r\u015fa\u015fte toate p\u0103catele c\u00e9le de moarte, dintru carele c\u00e9le mai mari sunt, precum ne \u00eenva\u0163\u0103 l\u00e9gia lui Dumnezeu \u015fi sf\u00e2nta Evanghelie, adec\u0103: trufiia, iubirea de argint, p\u0103catul cel trupesc, zavistiia, l\u0103comiia, m\u00e2niia \u015fi l\u00e9nea.<\/p>\n

Deci ac\u00e9ste p\u0103cate sunt c\u00e9le 7 vremi carele s\u0103 cuvine s\u0103 le schimbe cela ce va vrea s\u0103 se poc\u0103iasc\u0103 cu adev\u0103rat, adec\u0103 s\u0103 prefac\u0103 trufiia \u00een smerenie, iubirea de argint \u00een milostenie, p\u0103catul cel trupesc \u00een cur\u0103\u0163enie, zavistiia \u00een dragoste, l\u0103comiia \u00een post, m\u00e2niia \u00een bl\u00e2nd\u00e9\u0163e \u015fi l\u00e9nea \u00een rug\u0103ciune \u015fi \u00eentr-alte fapte bune. \u015ei precum c\u00e2nd f\u0103cea ac\u00e9ste p\u0103cate s\u0103 bucura, s\u0103 desf\u0103ta \u015fi r\u00e2dea, a\u015fa \u015fi c\u00e2nd s\u0103 poc\u0103ia\u015fte s\u0103 cuvine s\u0103 se m\u00e2hneasc\u0103, s\u0103 suspine \u015fi s\u0103 pl\u00e2ng\u0103, pentru ca s\u0103 fac\u0103 premeneal\u0103 vremilor \u015fi s\u0103 se arate prefacerea adev\u0103rat\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cu acest f\u00e9l de mijloace s\u0103 face poc\u0103in\u0163a des\u0103v\u00e2r\u015fit \u015fi pl\u0103cut\u0103 \u015fi c\u00e2\u015ftig\u0103 p\u0103c\u0103tosul ert\u0103ciunea deplin, s\u0103 \u00eemprieten\u00e9\u015fte cu Dumnezeu \u015fi s\u0103 face iar\u0103 vas darului celui dumnezeesc.<\/p>\n

Drept ac\u00e9ia dar\u0103, fe\u0163ii miei, de vr\u00e9me ce poc\u0103in\u0163a are put\u00e9re ca aceasta, precum a\u0163 auzit \u015fi nu iaste alt\u0103 cale \u015fi alt\u0103 mijlocire pentru ca s\u0103 v\u0103 m\u00e2ntui\u0163 sufletele voastre, f\u0103r\u0103 numai cu poc\u0103in\u0163a, trebue dar\u0103 to\u0163 \u015fi cei tineri \u015fi cei b\u0103tr\u00e2ni \u015fi cei boga\u0163i \u015fi cei s\u0103raci, s\u0103 alerga\u0163i cu os\u00e2rdie la aceast\u0103 pacinic\u0103 lini\u015fte a m\u00e2ntuirii, pentru c\u0103ci ve\u0163i afla to\u0163 odihn\u0103 sufletelor voastre, dup\u0103 cum zice Hristos la Evanghelie \u015fi to\u0163i v\u0103 ve\u0163i m\u00e2ntui.<\/p>\n

Poc\u0103in\u0163a aceasta iaste cetatea cea minunat\u0103 \u00een patru cornuri ce au v\u0103zut sf\u00e2ntul Ioan la Apocalipsis, \u00een 21 de capete, carea avea 12 u\u015fi: 3 de spre r\u0103s\u0103rit, 3 de spre miaz\u0103noapte, 3 de spre amiaz\u0103zi \u015fi 3 de spre apus, pentru ca s\u0103 poat\u0103 \u00eentra printr-\u00eensele to\u0163i \u015fi cei mici \u015fi cei mari, b\u0103tr\u00e2nii \u015fi tinerii \u015fi fie\u015ftecarele dup\u0103 r\u00e2nduiala sa \u015fi dup\u0103 v\u00e2rsta sa: prin c\u00e9le de spre r\u0103s\u0103rit s\u0103 \u00eentre cei tineri, ca cei ce sunt la r\u0103s\u0103ritul vie\u0163ii; prin c\u00e9le de spre amiaz\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eentre b\u0103rba\u0163ii carii s\u0103 afl\u0103 \u00een mijlocul v\u00e2rstii; prin c\u00e9le de spre amiaz\u0103noapte cei b\u0103tr\u00e2ni, al c\u0103rora le iaste s\u00e2ngele r\u00e9ce \u015fi albiciunea z\u0103pezii o \u0163in \u00een barb\u0103; \u015fi prin c\u00e9le de spre apus s\u0103 \u00eentre, f\u0103r\u0103 de nici o dezn\u0103d\u0103jduire, cei ce sunt la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul vie\u0163ii \u015fi au am\u00e2ndoao picioarele \u00een groap\u0103 \u015fi sufletul \u00een buze, al c\u0103rora milostivirea lui Dumnezeu le va priimi poc\u0103in\u0163a.<\/p>\n

Drept ac\u00e9ia, \u00een toat\u0103 vremea, iar mai v\u00e2rtos \u00een zilele ac\u00e9stia a sf\u00e2ntului post, v\u0103 chiam\u0103 pre to\u0163 milostivul Dumnezeu, carele poht\u00e9\u015fte m\u00e2ntuirea tuturor, zic\u00e2nd: \u00centoarce\u0163i-v\u0103 c\u0103tr\u0103 mine \u015fi m\u0103 voiu \u00eentoarce c\u0103tr\u0103 voi.<\/p>\n

Drept ac\u00e9ia nu \u00eenv\u00e2rto\u015fa\u0163 inimile voastre, ci cu vitejie cre\u015ftineasc\u0103 lep\u0103da\u0163 lucrurile \u00eentun\u00e9recului, adec\u0103 str\u00e2mb\u0103t\u0103\u0163ile, jafurile, clevetirile, zavistiia, ur\u00e2ciunea, vrajba, curviile \u015fi toate necur\u0103\u0163iile \u015fi v\u0103 \u00eembr\u0103ca\u0163i cu armele luminii, cu credin\u0163a, cu n\u0103d\u00e9jdia, cu dragostea, cu frica lui Dumnezeu, cu cuceriia \u015fi cu smereniia, pentru ca s\u0103 suppune\u0163i cu aceste bun\u0103t\u0103\u0163i pre \u00eempotrivnicul vostru, pre diavolul, trupul ce tir\u0103n\u00e9\u015fte \u015fi patemile c\u00e9le ce stric\u0103 sufletul \u015fi s\u0103 v\u0103 face\u0163i mo\u015ft\u00e9ni \u00eemp\u0103r\u0103\u0163iei ceriului, a c\u0103riia s\u0103 v\u0103 \u00eenvrednici\u0163i to\u0163i, cu darul \u015fi cu mila lui Dumnezeu. Amin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Antim IVIREANU, Didahii \u201e\u00centoarce\u0163i-v\u0103 c\u0103tr\u0103 mine, din toat\u0103 inima voastr\u0103 \u015fi cu post \u015fi cu pl\u00e2ngere \u015fi cu t\u00e2nguire rumpe\u0163i inimile voastre \u015fi nu hainele voastre \u015fi m\u0103 voiu \u00eentoarce c\u0103tr\u0103 voi\u201c, zice Domnul, la Ioil, \u00een 2 capete. Cine au v\u0103zut vreodinioar\u0103 \u00eentre zidiri at\u00e2ta dragoste c\u00e2t\u0103 iaste ac\u00e9ia ce arat\u0103 soarele spre p\u0103m\u00e2nt, <\/p>\n

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